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linux下nginx部署以及配置详解

off999 2025-01-03 18:15 36 浏览 0 评论

1.部署

1.添加nginx服务进程用户

# groupadd -r nginx

# useradd -r -g nginx nginx

2.下载源码包解压编译

可以在点击打开链接找到nginx对应版本

1.下载

# wget http://nginx.org/download/nginx-1.9.9.tar.gz

2.解压

# tar xvf nginx-1.9.9.tar.gz -C /usr/local/src

3.安装相应的开发工具

# yum groupinstall "Development tools"
# yum -y install gcc wget gcc-c++ automake autoconf libtool libxml2-devel libxslt-devel perl-devel perl-ExtUtils-Embed pcre-devel openssl-devel

Linux下nginx的实现，以及源码分析：nginx的实现，以及源码分析

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4.进入nginx目录进行编译

# cd /usr/local/src/nginx-1.9.9/

# ./configure \
--prefix=/usr/local/nginx \
--sbin-path=/usr/sbin/nginx \
--conf-path=/etc/nginx/nginx.conf \
--error-log-path=/var/log/nginx/error.log \
--http-log-path=/var/log/nginx/access.log \
--pid-path=/var/run/nginx.pid \
--lock-path=/var/run/nginx.lock \
--http-client-body-temp-path=/var/tmp/nginx/client \
--http-proxy-temp-path=/var/tmp/nginx/proxy \
--http-fastcgi-temp-path=/var/tmp/nginx/fcgi \
--http-uwsgi-temp-path=/var/tmp/nginx/uwsgi \
--http-scgi-temp-path=/var/tmp/nginx/scgi \
--user=nginx \
--group=nginx \
--with-pcre \
--with-http_v2_module \
--with-http_ssl_module \
--with-http_realip_module \
--with-http_addition_module \
--with-http_sub_module \
--with-http_dav_module \
--with-http_flv_module \
--with-http_mp4_module \
--with-http_gunzip_module \
--with-http_gzip_static_module \
--with-http_random_index_module \
--with-http_secure_link_module \
--with-http_stub_status_module \
--with-http_auth_request_module \
--with-mail \
--with-mail_ssl_module \
--with-file-aio \
--with-ipv6 \
--with-http_v2_module \
--with-threads \
--with-stream \
--with-stream_ssl_module

5.完成编译

# make && make install

# mkdir -pv /var/tmp/nginx/client

6.添加SysV启动脚本

1.创建文件

# vim /etc/init.d/nginx

2.按i进入编辑状态

#!/bin/sh
#
# nginx - this script starts and stops the nginx daemon
#
# chkconfig: - 85 15
# description: Nginx is an HTTP(S) server, HTTP(S) reverse \
# proxy and IMAP/POP3 proxy server
# processname: nginx
# config: /etc/nginx/nginx.conf
# config: /etc/sysconfig/nginx
# pidfile: /var/run/nginx.pid
# Source function library.
. /etc/rc.d/init.d/functions
# Source networking configuration.
. /etc/sysconfig/network
# Check that networking is up.
[ "$NETWORKING" = "no" ] && exit 0
nginx="/usr/sbin/nginx"
prog=$(basename $nginx)
NGINX_CONF_FILE="/etc/nginx/nginx.conf"
[ -f /etc/sysconfig/nginx ] && . /etc/sysconfig/nginx
lockfile=/var/lock/subsys/nginx
start() {
[ -x $nginx ] || exit 5
[ -f $NGINX_CONF_FILE ] || exit 6
echo -n #34;Starting $prog: "
daemon $nginx -c $NGINX_CONF_FILE
retval=$?
echo
[ $retval -eq 0 ] && touch $lockfile
return $retval
}
stop() {
echo -n #34;Stopping $prog: "
killproc $prog -QUIT
retval=$?
echo
[ $retval -eq 0 ] && rm -f $lockfile
return $retval
killall -9 nginx
}
restart() {
configtest || return $?
stop
sleep 1
start
}
reload() {
configtest || return $?
echo -n #34;Reloading $prog: "
killproc $nginx -HUP
RETVAL=$?
echo
}
force_reload() {
restart
}
configtest() {
$nginx -t -c $NGINX_CONF_FILE
}
rh_status() {
status $prog
}
rh_status_q() {
rh_status >/dev/null 2>&1
}
case "$1" in
start)
rh_status_q && exit 0
$1
;;
stop)
rh_status_q || exit 0
$1
;;
restart|configtest)
$1
;;
reload)
rh_status_q || exit 7
$1
;;
force-reload)
force_reload
;;
status)
rh_status
;;
condrestart|try-restart)
rh_status_q || exit 0
;;
*)
echo #34;Usage: $0 {start|stop|status|restart|condrestart|try-restart|reload|force-reload|configtest}"
exit 2
esac

7.赋予脚本执行权限

# chmod +x /etc/init.d/nginx

8.添加至服务管理列表，设置开机自启

# chkconfig --add nginx

# chkconfig nginx on

9.启动

# service nginx start

10.查看运行情况

# netstat -tnlp

2.配置项

更多参数帮助可以在nginx目录下执行如下命令查看

# ./configure --help

3.nginx.conf配置

#user nobody;
worker_processes 1; #工作进程：数目。根据硬件调整，通常等于cpu数量或者2倍cpu数量。

#错误日志存放路径
#error_log logs/error.log;
#error_log logs/error.log notice;
#error_log logs/error.log info;

#pid logs/nginx.pid; # nginx进程pid存放路径

events {
worker_connections 1024; # 工作进程的最大连接数量
}

http {
include mime.types; #指定mime类型，由mime.type来定义
default_type application/octet-stream;

# 日志格式设置
#log_format main '$remote_addr - $remote_user [$time_local] "$request" '
# '$status $body_bytes_sent "$http_referer" '
# '"$http_user_agent" "$http_x_forwarded_for"';

#access_log logs/access.log main; #用log_format指令设置日志格式后，需要用access_log来指定日志文件存放路径
sendfile on; #指定nginx是否调用sendfile函数来输出文件，对于普通应用，必须设置on。
如果用来进行下载等应用磁盘io重负载应用，可设置off，以平衡磁盘与网络io处理速度，降低系统uptime。
#tcp_nopush on; #此选项允许或禁止使用socket的TCP_CORK的选项，此选项仅在sendfile的时候使用

#keepalive_timeout 0; #keepalive超时时间
keepalive_timeout 65;

#gzip on; #开启gzip压缩服务

#虚拟主机
server {
listen 80; #配置监听端口号
server_name localhost; #配置访问域名，域名可以有多个，用空格隔开

#charset koi8-r; #字符集设置

#access_log logs/host.access.log main;

location / {
root html;
index index.html index.htm;
}
#错误跳转页
#error_page 404 /404.html;

# redirect server error pages to the static page /50x.html
#
error_page 500 502 503 504 /50x.html;
location = /50x.html {
root html;
}

# proxy the PHP scripts to Apache listening on 127.0.0.1:80
#
#location ~ \.php$ {
# proxy_pass http://127.0.0.1;
#}

# pass the PHP scripts to FastCGI server listening on 127.0.0.1:9000
#
#location ~ \.php$ { #请求的url过滤，正则匹配，~为区分大小写，~*为不区分大小写。
# root html; #根目录
# fastcgi_pass 127.0.0.1:9000; #请求转向定义的服务器列表
# fastcgi_index index.php; # 如果请求的Fastcgi_index URI是以 / 结束的, 该指令设置的文件会被附加到URI的后面并保存在变量$fastcig_script_name中
# fastcgi_param SCRIPT_FILENAME /scripts$fastcgi_script_name;
# include fastcgi_params;
#}

# deny access to .htaccess files, if Apache's document root
# concurs with nginx's one
#
#location ~ /\.ht {
# deny all;
#}
}

# another virtual host using mix of IP-, name-, and port-based configuration
#
#server {
# listen 8000;
# listen somename:8080;
# server_name somename alias another.alias;

# location / {
# root html;
# index index.html index.htm;
# }
#}

# HTTPS server
#
#server {
# listen 443 ssl; #监听端口
# server_name localhost; #域名

# ssl_certificate cert.pem; #证书位置
# ssl_certificate_key cert.key; #私钥位置

# ssl_session_cache shared:SSL:1m;
# ssl_session_timeout 5m;

# ssl_ciphers HIGH:!aNULL:!MD5; #密码加密方式
# ssl_prefer_server_ciphers on; # ssl_prefer_server_ciphers on; #

# location / {
# root html;
# index index.html index.htm;
# }
#}

}