前言

发送post的请求参考例子很简单，实际遇到的情况却是很复杂的，首先第一个post请求肯定是登录了，但登录是最难处理的。登录问题解决了，后面都简单了。

一、查看官方文档

1.学习一个新的模块，其实不用去百度什么的，直接用help函数就能查看相关注释和案例内容。

>>import requests

>>help(requests)

2.查看python发送get和post请求的案例

>>> import requests

>>> r = requests.get('https://www.python.org')

>>> r.status_code

200

>>> 'Python is a programming language' in r.content

True

... or POST:

>>> payload = dict(key1='value1', key2='value2')

>>> r = requests.post('http://httpbin.org/post', data=payload)

>>> print(r.text)

{

...

"form": {

"key2": "value2",

"key1": "value1"

},

...

}

二、发送post请求

1.用上面给的案例，做个简单修改，发个post请求

2. payload参数是字典类型，传到如下图的form里

三、json

1.post的body是json类型，也可以用json参数传入。

2.先导入json模块，用dumps方法转化成json格式。

3. 返回结果，传到data里

四、headers

1.以禅道登录为例，模拟登陆，这里需添加请求头headers,可以用fiddler抓包

2.将请求头写成字典格式

headers = {"User-Agent": "Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; WOW64; rv:44.0) Gecko/20100101 Firefox/44.0",

"Accept": "application/json, text/javascript, */*; q=0.01",

"Accept-Language": "zh-CN,zh;q=0.8,en-US;q=0.5,en;q=0.3",

"Accept-Encoding": "gzip, deflate, br",

"Content-Type": "application/json; charset=utf-8",

"X-Requested-With": "XMLHttpRequest",

"Cookie": "xxx.............", # 此处cookie省略了

"Connection": "keep-alive"

}

五、禅道登录参考代码

# coding:utf-8

# coding:utf-8

import requests

# 禅道host地址

host = "http://127.0.0.1"

def login(s,username,psw):

url = host+"/zentao/user-login.html"

h = {

"User-Agent": "Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; WOW64; rv:44.0) Gecko/20100101 Firefox/44.0",

"Accept": "text/html,application/xhtml+xml,application/xml;q=0.9,*/*;q=0.8",

"Accept-Language": "zh-CN,zh;q=0.8,en-US;q=0.5,en;q=0.3",

"Accept-Encoding": "gzip, deflate",

"Referer": host+"/zentao/user-login.html",

# "Cookie": # 头部没登录前不用传cookie，因为这里cookie就是保持登录的

"Connection": "keep-alive",

"Content-Type": "application/x-www-form-urlencoded",

}

body1 = {"account": username,

"password": psw,

"keepLogin[]": "on",

"referer": host+"/zentao/my/"

}

# s = requests.session() 不要写死session

r1 = s.post(url, data=body1, headers=h)

# return r1.content # python2的return这个

return r1.content.decode("utf-8") # python3

def is_login_sucess(res):

if "登录失败，请检查您的用户名或密码是否填写正确。" in res:

return False

elif "parent.location=" in res:

return True

else:

return False

if __name__ == "__main__":

s = requests.session()

a = login(s, "admin", "e10adc3949ba59abbe56e057f20f883e")

result = is_login_sucess(a)

print("测试结果：%s"%result)