一、问题

本地有一个文件夹openEuler-22.03-LTS（如下图所示），文件夹名是远程（Gitee平台）仓库的分支名，文件都是yaml文件，文件名对应仓库名，都是https://gitee.com/src-oepkgs/下的仓库，需要将每个文件依次添加到各自对应的仓库中，并提交PR到远程仓库的openEuler-22.03-LTS分支上。

二、思路1：走fork进行合并

先fork后clone，PR在相同的分支不同的用户（fork和被fork的用户）之间

Step1

由文件名解析出仓库名，与https://gitee.com/src-oepkgs/进行拼接，得到仓库的完整地址，比如：https://gitee.com/src-oepkgs/a2jmidid.git，为例

Step2

这个仓库fork到自己的账号（自己也当成组织），此时这个仓库的归属权是我，这个仓库的地址变为https://gitee.com/oepkgs-support/a2jmidid

Step3

将fork后（归属权是我）的仓库https://gitee.com/oepkgs-support/a2jmidid.git克隆指定分支（openEuler-22.03-LTS分支）到本地（电脑）D:/workspace/自动化/openEuler-22.03-LTS文件夹下，D:/workspace/自动化/openEuler-22.03-LTS/a2jmidid

git clone -b openEuler-22.03-LTS https://gitee.com/oepkgs-support/a2jmidid.git

Step4

进入到这个仓库文件夹，会自动会切换到本地的openEuler-22.03-LTS分支

Step5

取回远程主机openEuler-22.03-LTS分支的更新，再与本地的openEuler-22.03-LTS分支合并

git pull origin openEuler-22.03-LTS: openEuler-22.03-LTS

Step6

将openEuler-22.03-LTS文件夹下的a2jmidid.yaml文件复制到这个项目仓库（文件夹：D:/workspace/自动化/openEuler-22.03-LTS / a2jmidid）中

Step7

提交并推送到远程的openEuler-22.03-LTS分支

git add -A
git commit -m ‘add files’
git push origin openEuler-22.03-LTS:openEuler-22.03-LTS

这里直接push到远程的openEuler-22.03-LTS分支是可以的，因为这个push是在本地oepkgs-support/a2jmidid和远程的oepkgs-support/a2jmidid这同一个用户之间。oepkgs-support（人）是这个仓库的所有者，有直接推送这个权限。

Step8

创建oepkgs-support:openEuler-22.03-LTS这个分支到src-oepkgs:openEuler-22.03-LTS分支的PR：https://gitee.com/src-oepkgs/a2jmidid/pulls/1

完整代码：

import os
import subprocess
import time
import requests
import shutil
import pandas as pd


def fork_repo(repo_name):
    # # 仓库信息
    owner = "src-oepkgs"  # 替换为要Fork的用户名
    # 授权信息
    access_token = 'xxxxxxxxxxx' # 替换为自己账号的访问令牌
    # API URL
    url = f"https://gitee.com/api/v5/repos/{owner}/{repo_name}/forks"
    # 请求头
    headers = {
        "Content-Type": "application/json",
        "Authorization": f"Bearer {access_token}"
    }
    # 发送POST请求进行Fork操作
    response = requests.post(url, headers=headers)
    # 检查响应状态码
    if response.status_code == 201:
        print("Fork created successfully!")
        print("Forked repository URL:", response.json()["html_url"])
    else:
        print("Failed to create Fork.")
        print("Error message:", response.json()["message"])

def delete_repository(repo_name):
    owner = "oepkgs-support"  # 替换仓库所属空间地址
    access_token = 'xxxxxxxxxxx'  # 替换为你的访问令牌
    url = f"https://gitee.com/api/v5/repos/{owner}/{repo_name}"
    headers = {
        "Authorization": f"Bearer {access_token}"
    }
    response = requests.delete(url, headers=headers)
    if response.status_code == 204:
        print("仓库删除成功")
    else:
        print("仓库删除失败")

def git_add_commit_push(repo_path, file_name, branch):
    """执行 git add, commit, push"""
    os.chdir(repo_path)
    # subprocess.run(["git", "pull", "origin", branch, ":", branch])
    subprocess.run(["git", "add", file_name])
    subprocess.run(["git", "commit", "-m", f"Add {file_name}"])
    subprocess.run(["git", "push", "origin", f"{branch}:{branch}"])

def create_pr(repo_name):
    # 仓库信息
    owner = "src-oepkgs"  # 替换仓库所属空间地址
    # 授权信息
    access_token = 'xxxxxxxxxxxxx'  # 替换为自己账号的访问令牌
    # 创建Pull Request的参数
    title = "add yaml file"
    head = "oepkgs-support:openEuler-22.03-LTS"  # 替换为您的源分支名称
    base = "openEuler-22.03-LTS"  # 替换为您的目标分支名称
    # API URL
    url = f"https://gitee.com/api/v5/repos/{owner}/{repo_name}/pulls"
    # 请求头
    headers = {
        "Content-Type": "application/json",
        "Authorization": f"Bearer {access_token}"
    }
    # 请求体
    data = {
        "title": title,
        "head": head,
        "base": base
    }
    # 发送POST请求创建Pull Request
    response = requests.post(url, headers=headers, json=data)
    # 检查响应状态码
    if response.status_code == 201:
        print("Pull Request created successfully!")
        print("Pull Request URL:", response.json()["html_url"])
    else:
        print("Failed to create Pull Request.")
        print("Error message:", response.json()["message"])

def main():
    # 本地文件夹路径和远程分支名
    basedir = os.path.abspath(os.path.dirname(os.path.dirname(__file__)))
    local_folder = os.path.join(basedir, "openEuler-22.03-LTS")  # 本地文件夹路径
    branch_name = "openEuler-22.03-LTS"

    index = 0
    abnormal_repo = []
    start_ = 'a'
    end_ = 'z'

    # 遍历文件夹中的每个文件
    for file_name in os.listdir(local_folder):
        # if file_name.endswith('.yaml'):
        if file_name.lower().endswith('.yaml') and start_ <= file_name[0].lower() <= end_:
            # 解析出文件名
            repo_name = file_name.replace('.yaml', '')  # 从文件名获取仓库名
            print(repo_name)
            index = index + 1
            # fork仓库
            try:
                fork_repo(repo_name)
                fork_repo_url = f"https://gitee.com/oepkgs-support/{repo_name}.git"
                # 克隆仓库（如果需要）
                repo_path = os.path.join(local_folder, repo_name)
                if not os.path.exists(repo_path):
                    try:
                        subprocess.run(["git", "clone", "-b", branch_name, fork_repo_url, repo_path])
                    except Exception:
                        abnormal_repo.append(repo_name)
                    else:
                        # 判断repopath这个文件夹存不存在
                        if os.path.exists(repo_path):
                            print('clone success')
                            # 先pull一下，取回远程主机openEuler-22.03-LTS分支的更新
                            os.chdir(repo_path)
                            subprocess.run(["git", "config", "--global", "http.sslVerify", "true"])
                            subprocess.run(["git", "pull", "origin", branch_name])

                            # 将文件复制到仓库目录中
                            file_path = os.path.join(local_folder, file_name)
                            shutil.copy(file_path, repo_path)

                            # 执行 git 操作
                            git_add_commit_push(repo_path, file_name, branch_name)

                            # 创建PR
                            create_pr(repo_name)
                            print(repo_path)
                            try:
                                # os.system(f"attrib -r {repo_path}")
                                # shutil.rmtree(repo_path)
                                # remove_readonly_dir(repo_path)
                                # os.removedirs(repo_path)
                                subprocess.run(["rmdir", "/s", "/q", repo_path], shell=True)
                            except Exception as e:
                                print("删除文件夹时出现错误:", str(e))

                        else:
                            abnormal_repo.append(repo_name)
            except Exception as e:
                print("fork出现错误:", str(e))
                abnormal_repo.append(repo_name)
                time.sleep(30)
                fork_repo(repo_name)

            if index % 100 == 0:
                print(abnormal_repo)
                df = pd.DataFrame(abnormal_repo, columns=['异常仓库'])
                df.to_excel(os.path.join(basedir, 'log') + '\\' + f'{start_}-{end_}异常仓库{index}.xlsx', index=False)

if __name__ == "__main__":
    main()

问题1：fork不成功

fork出现错误: HTTPSConnectionPool(host='gitee.com', port=443): Max retries exceeded with url: /api/v5/repos/src-oepkgs/gtk-theme-adwaita-tweaks/forks (Caused by SSLError(SSLEOFError(8, 'EOF occurred in violation of protocol (_ssl.c:1129)')))

解决方法：引入异常捕获，增加时延，记录异常的仓库

问题2：fork成功但是不一定能够克隆下来

git clone时fatal: unable to access ‘https://gitee.com/XXX.git/‘: The requested returned error: 500

解决方法：引入异常捕获，记录异常的仓库

问题3：每个账号fork的项目数量有限制，最多1k，如果创建的PR没有合并，删除这个fork的仓库，这个PR也会被删除

换一种思路，走分支合并，不走fork合并。

三、走分支合并

不fork，直接clone原仓库，在远程源仓库创建新分支，走分支合并，PR合并在同一个用户的不同分支之间。

Step1

直接克隆原仓库到本地：git clone -b openEuler-22.03-LTS https://gitee.com/src-oepkgs/python-zeroconf.git

step2

进入到这个仓库文件夹，自动会切换到本地的openEuler-22.03-LTS分支

step3

取回远程主机openEuler-22.03-LTS分支的更新，再与本地的openEuler-22.03-LTS分支合并

git pull origin openEuler-22.03-LTS: openEuler-22.03-LTS

step4

将openEuler-22.03-LTS文件夹下的a2jmidid.yaml文件复制到这个项目仓库中

step5

提交并推送到远程的openEuler-22.03-LTS-yaml分支（相当于在远程建了一个新的openEuler-22.03-LTS-yaml分支并push到这个分支）

git add -A
git commit -m ‘add files’
git push origin openEuler-22.03-LTS:openEuler-22.03-LTS-yaml

这里直接push到远程的openEuler-22.03-LTS是会报错的，因为这个push是在本地oepkgs/a2jmidid和远程的oepkgs/a2jmidid这同一个用户之间，oepkgs-support（人）不是仓库a2jmidid的管理员（所有者或开发者），没有直接推送这个权限，万一提交不当会直接污染这个远程分支，因此需要在远程新建一个分支push到这个新分支，然后创建openEuler-22.03-LTS-yaml这个分支到openEuler-22.03-LTS分支的PR进行合并。

step6

创建src-oepkgs:openEuler-22.03-LTS-yaml这个分支到src-oepkgs:openEuler-22.03-LTS分支的PR

完整代码：

import os
import subprocess
import time
import requests
import shutil
import pandas as pd


def git_add_commit_push(repo_path, file_name, branch):
    """执行 git add, commit, push"""
    os.chdir(repo_path)
    subprocess.run(['git', 'config', '--global', 'core.autocrlf', 'true'])
    subprocess.run(["git", "add", file_name])
    subprocess.run(["git", "commit", "-m", f"Add {file_name}"])
    subprocess.run(["git", "push", "origin", f"{branch}:{branch}-yaml"])


def create_pr(repo_name):
    # 仓库信息
    owner = "src-oepkgs"  # 替换仓库所属空间地址
    # 授权信息
    access_token = '4e8xxxx250afc5a19'  # 自己账号的访问令牌
    # 创建Pull Request的参数
    title = "add yaml file"
    head = "openEuler-22.03-LTS-yaml"  # 源分支名称
    base = "openEuler-22.03-LTS"  # 目标分支名称
    # API URL
    url = f"https://gitee.com/api/v5/repos/{owner}/{repo_name}/pulls"
    # 请求头
    headers = {
        "Content-Type": "application/json",
        "Authorization": f"Bearer {access_token}"
    }
    # 请求体
    data = {
        "title": title,
        "head": head,
        "base": base
    }
    # 发送POST请求创建Pull Request
    response = requests.post(url, headers=headers, json=data)
    # 检查响应状态码
    if response.status_code == 201:
        print("Pull Request created successfully!")
        print("Pull Request URL:", response.json()["html_url"])
    else:
        print("Failed to create Pull Request.")
        print("Error message:", response.json()["message"])

def main():
    # 本地文件夹路径和远程分支名
    basedir = os.path.abspath(os.path.dirname(os.path.dirname(__file__)))
    local_folder = os.path.join(basedir, "openEuler-22.03-LTS")  # 本地文件夹路径
    branch_name = "openEuler-22.03-LTS"

    index = 0
    abnormal_repo = []
    start_ = 'a'
    end_ = 'z'

    # 遍历文件夹中的每个文件
    for file_name in os.listdir(local_folder):
        if file_name.lower().endswith('.yaml') and start_ <= file_name[0].lower() <= end_:
            # 解析出文件名
            repo_name = file_name.replace('.yaml', '')  # 从文件名获取仓库名
            print(repo_name)
            index = index + 1

            # 克隆仓库
            repo_url = f"https://gitee.com/src-oepkgs/{repo_name}.git"
            repo_path = os.path.join(local_folder, repo_name)
            if not os.path.exists(repo_path):
                try:
                    subprocess.run(["git", "clone", "-b", branch_name, repo_url, repo_path])
                except Exception:
                    abnormal_repo.append(repo_name)
                else:
                    # 判断repopath这个文件夹存不存在
                    if os.path.exists(repo_path):
                        print('clone success')
                        # 先pull一下，取回远程主机openEuler-22.03-LTS分支的更新
                        os.chdir(repo_path)
                        subprocess.run(["git", "config", "--global", "http.sslVerify", "true"])
                        subprocess.run(["git", "pull", "origin", branch_name])

                        # 将文件复制到仓库目录中
                        file_path = os.path.join(local_folder, file_name)
                        shutil.copy(file_path, repo_path)

                        # 执行 git 操作
                        git_add_commit_push(repo_path, file_name, branch_name)

                        # 创建PR
                        try:
                            create_pr(repo_name)
                        except Exception as e:
                            print("create pr出现错误:", str(e))
                            abnormal_repo.append(repo_name)
                            time.sleep(30)
                            create_pr(repo_name)

                        # 删除克隆的仓库文件夹内容
                        try:
                            subprocess.run(["rmdir", "/s", "/q", repo_path], shell=True)
                        except Exception as e:
                            print("删除文件夹时出现错误:", str(e))
                    else:
                        abnormal_repo.append(repo_name)

            if index % 100 == 0:
                print(abnormal_repo)
                df = pd.DataFrame(abnormal_repo, columns=['异常仓库'])
                df.to_excel(os.path.join(basedir, 'log') + '\\' + f'{start_}-{end_}异常仓库{index}.xlsx', index=False)

if __name__ == "__main__":
    main()

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原文链接：

【Python自动化系列】自动化批量提交文件到各个仓库并创建PR到指定分支